Some players became so skilled in these difficult high notes that they could play melodies of great complexity on the natural trumpet, which led composers of the Baroque era such as Vivaldi and Bach to write highly decorated and florid solo parts for these trumpet virtuosos. In the upper register of the instrument more notes are available and a scale of the home key can be played. Different lengths of tubing were devised that could be exchanged on the instrument to lengthen or shorten the tube so that other keys could be played. The range of notes in the lower range of the instrument were further limited to a major chord, thus when the trumpet became part of the symphony orchestra they were restricted to the notes of the home key. Player using lip tension and breath pressure. Different notes within the harmonic series were sounded by the These natural instruments (as they had no valves) were limited in the notes they could play, as the length of tubing determined the key of the instrument. it wasn't until around the 13th century that the tubing was folded back on itself one or more times to make the instrument compact. These ancient metal trumpets were usually in one long straight section. The trumpet was also used for religious and civic ceremonies, such as heralding the arrival of important people such as kings. The metal trumpet was known at least as early as 1500 BC and examples have been found in many different locations in the world. This edition is in E-flat.The trumpet was probably first used as a method to convey signals and directions to armies in battle, with its loudness helping it to be heard over the din of war. The piece is often performed in E-flat major, which makes the fingering less difficult on modern E-flat and B-flat trumpets. It is unknown whether this was in agreement with Hummel.Originally this piece was written in E major.
There are places, primarily in the second movement, where Weidinger is believed to have changed the music because of the execution of the instrument.
It was written in December 1803 and performed on New Year's Day 1804 to mark Hummel's entrance into the court orchestra of Nikolaus II, Prince Esterházy as Haydn's successor. Johann Nepomuk Hummel wrote his Concerto a Trombe Principale (Trumpet Concerto in Eb Major) for Viennese trumpet virtuoso and inventor of the keyed trumpet, Anton Weidinger (as had Joseph Haydn). These parts has been optimized for excellent page turns. Trumpet Concerto in Eb by Johann Nepomuk Hummel (1778 – 1837) - Edition by Brian Bindner.
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